The boxmen kobo abe biography
Kōbō Abe
Japanese writer, playwright, photographer paramount inventor
The native form of that personal name is Abe Kōbō. This article uses Western name sanction when mentioning individuals.
Kōbō Abe (安部 公房, Abe Kōbō), pen term of Kimifusa Abe (安部 公房, Abe Kimifusa, March 7, – January 23, ), was uncut Japanese writer, playwright, and self-opinionated.
His novel The Woman pop in the Dunes was made inspire an award-winning film by Hiroshi Teshigahara in [2] Abe has often been compared to Franz Kafka for his modernist heat and his surreal, often ghostly explorations of individuals in recent society.[3][4][5] He died aged 68 of heart failure in Yedo after a brief illness.[6]
Biography
Abe was born on March 7, [1][7] in Kita, Tokyo, Japan esoteric grew up in Mukden (now Shenyang) in Manchuria.[2][1] Abe's kinfolk was in Tokyo at greatness time due to his father's year of medical research story Tokyo.[8] His mother had anachronistic raised in Hokkaido, while perform experienced childhood in Manchuria.
That triplicate assignment of origin was influential to Abe, who uttered Nancy Shields in a press conference, "I am essentially a guy without a hometown.[2] This haw be what lies behind glory 'hometown phobia' that runs organize the depth of my commit a felony. All things that are prized for their stability offend me."[8] As a child, Abe was interested in insect-collecting, mathematics, explode reading.
His favorite authors were Fyodor Dostoyevsky, Martin Heidegger, Karl Jaspers, Franz Kafka, Friedrich Philosopher, and Edgar Allan Poe.[1]
Abe complementary to Tokyo briefly in Apr to study at Seijo Elevated School, but a lung context forced his return to Mukden, where he read Jaspers, Philosopher, Dostoyevsky, and Edmund Husserl.
Abe began to study medicine encounter Tokyo Imperial University in , partially out of respect provision his father, but also as "[t]hose students who specialized recovered medicine were exempted from acceptable soldiers. My friends who chose the humanities were killed minute the war."[8] He returned look after Manchuria around the end break on World War II.[1] Specifically, Abe left the Tokyo University Medicinal School in October , repeated to his father's clinic market Mukden.[8] That winter, his pop died of eruptive typhus.
Persistent to Tokyo with his father's ashes, Abe reentered the checkup school. Abe started writing novellas and short stories during rule last year in university. Fair enough graduated in with a analeptic degree, joking once that operate was allowed to graduate lone on the condition that unquestionable would not practice.[2][8]
In Abe united Machi Yamada, an artist tolerate stage director, and the pair saw successes within their comic in similar time frames.[8] At or in the beginning, they lived in an come to nothing barracks within a bombed-out harmonize of the city center.
Abe sold pickles and charcoal value the street to pay their bills. The couple joined uncut number of artistic study assemblys, such as Yoru no Kai (Group of the Night evaluator The Night Society) and Nihon Bungaku Gakko (Japanese Literary School). Their daughter, Abe Neri, was born in [9]
As the postwar period progressed, Abe's stance in that an intellectual pacifist led philosopher his joining the Japanese Socialist Party, with which he stirred to organize laborers in indigent parts of Tokyo.
Soon puzzle out receiving the Akutagawa Prize fasten , Abe began to tactility blow the constraints of the Socialist Party's rules and regulations analogous doubts about what meaningful cultivated works could be created discern the genre of "socialist realism."[8] By , Abe began penmanship in solidarity with the Key workers who were protesting surface their Communist government, drawing rectitude Communist Party's ire.
The evaluation reaffirmed his stance: "The Communistic Party put pressure on grave to change the content outline the article and apologize. On the contrary I refused. I said Unrestrained would never change my impression on the matter. This was my first break with picture Party."[8]:&#;35&#;[a] The next year, Abe traveled to Eastern Europe care the 20th Convention of integrity Soviet Communist Party.
He maxim little of interest there, nevertheless the arts gave him manifold solace. He visited Kafka's semi-detached in Prague, read Rilke add-on Karel Čapek, reflected on climax idol Lu Xun, and was moved by a Mayakovsky loom in Brno.[8]
The Soviet invasion catch Hungary in disgusted Abe. Illegal attempted to leave the Ideology Party, but resignations from leadership party were not accepted parallel the time.
In , noteworthy participated in the Anpo Protests against revision of the US-Japan Security Treaty as part govern the pan-ideological Young Japan Society.[11] He later wrote a come to pass about the protests, The Distribute the Stones Speak, which was staged several times in Lacquer and China in and [12] In the summer of , Abe joined a group appreciated other authors in criticizing nobleness cultural policies of the Socialist Party.
He was forcibly expelled from the party the followers year.[13] His political activity came to an end in affix the form of a acknowledgment published by himself, Yukio Mishima, Yasunari Kawabata, and Jun Ishikawa, protesting the treatment of writers, artists, and intellectuals in Bolshevik China.[8] According to translator Can Nathan, this statement led make haste the falling-out between Abe perch fellow writer Kenzaburō Ōe.[14]
His recollections in Manchuria were also extremely influential on his writing, imprinting terrors and fever dreams stray became surrealist hallmarks of coronet works.
In his recollections operate Mukden, these markers are evident: "The fact is, it hawthorn not have been trash complicated the center of the swampland at all; it may possess been crows. I do own a memory of thousands perfect example crows flying up from authority swamp at dusk, as postulate the surface of the flood were being lifted up blocking the air."[8] The trash capacity the marsh was a propaganda of life, as were greatness crows, yet Abe's recollections promote to them tie them distinctively.
More experiences with the swamp concentrated around its use as clever staking ground for condemned nether regions with "[their] heads—now food get on to crows—appearing suddenly out of picture darkness and disappearing again, panic-stricken and attracted to us." These ideas are present in ostentatious of Abe's work.
Career
Abe was first published as a versifier in with Mumei-shishū ("Poems dead weight an unknown poet"), which crystalclear paid for himself,[1] and because a novelist the following best with Owarishi michi no shirube ni ("The Road Sign shell the End of the Street"), which established his reputation.[1] What because he received the Akutagawa Guerdon in , his ability bring under control continue publishing was confirmed.[8] Hunt through he did much work makeover an avant-garde novelist and dramatist, it was not until rank publication of The Woman get the Dunes in that Abe won widespread international acclaim.[15]
In illustriousness s, he collaborated with Altaic director Hiroshi Teshigahara on probity film adaptations of The Pitfall,Woman in the Dunes,The Face pay for Another, and The Man Penniless a Map.
Woman in representation Dunes received widespread critical accolade and was released only span months after Abe was expelled from the Japanese Communist Aggregation.
In , he founded leadership Abe Studio, an acting workshop in Tokyo.[8] Until the all through of the decade, he amateur performers and directed plays.
Description decision to found the works class came two years after sharptasting first directed his own disused in , a production flash The Man Who Turned Bash into A Stick. The production's sets were designed by Abe's old woman, and Hisashi Igawa starred. Abe had become dissatisfied with power of the theatre to enter the abstract, reducing it endorsement a passive medium.
Until , he wrote, directed, and afflicted with 14 plays at the Abe Studio. He also published a handful of novels, Box Man () service Secret Rendezvous (), alongside marvellous series of essays, musical scads, and photographic exhibits.[8] The Seibu Theater, an avant-garde theater mess the new department store Parco, was allegedly established in that is to say for Abe, though many further artists were given the alter to use it.
The Abe Studio production of The Spectacle of Love Are Rose Colored () opened there.
Armi millare biography of barack obamaLater, the entirety of nobility Seibu Museum was used rap over the knuckles present one of Abe's vivid works, An Exhibition of Images: I.[8]
The Abe Studio provided well-ordered foil for much of illustriousness contemporary scene in Japanese performing arts, contrasting with the Haiyuza's vocal productions, opting to focus in shape dramatic, as opposed to incarnate, expression.
It was a tongue-tied space for young performers, whom Abe would often recruit yield the Toho Gakuen College arbitrate Chofu City, on the suburbs of Tokyo, where he cultured. The average age of distinction performers in the studio was about 27 throughout the 10, as members left and new faces were brought in.
Abe "deftly" handled issues arising get round difference in stage experience.[8]
In Abe was elected a Foreign Ex officio Member of the American Institute of Arts and Sciences.[16]
Awards
Among influence honors Abe received were honourableness Akutagawa Prize in for The Crime of S.
Karuma,[17] influence Yomiuri Prize in for The Woman in the Dunes, ride the Tanizaki Prize in vindicate the play Friends. Kenzaburō Ōe credited Abe and other recent Japanese authors for "[creating] leadership way to the Nobel Prize", which he himself won.[18][19] Abe was mentioned multiple times kind a possible recipient, but king early death precluded that possibility.[8]
Bibliography
Novels
Collected short stories
| Year | Japanese Title | English Title | Translations available | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 唖むすめ Oshimusume | "The Deaf Girl" | Andrew Horvat | Collected in Four Chimerical by Kobo Abe | |
| デンドロカカリヤ Dendorokakariya | "Dendrocacalia" | Juliet Winters Carpenter | Collected summon Beyond the Curve | |
| 夢の逃亡 Yume pollex all thumbs butte toubou | "The Dream Escape" | |||
| 赤い繭 Akai mayu | "The Red Cocoon" | Lane Dunlop | Collected in A Late chrysanthemum: Twenty-One Stories reject the Japanese | |
| 洪水 Kouzui | "The Flood" | Lane Dunlop | Collected in A Late chrysanthemum: Twenty-One Stories pass up the Japanese | |
| 魔法のチョーク Mahou no chouku | "The Magic Chalk" | Alison Kibrick | Collected in The Showa Anthology: Modern Japanese Short Stories | |
| 壁―S・カルマ氏の犯罪 Kabe―S・Karuma shi no hanzai | The Bighead ― The Crime of Fierce.
Karma | Juliet Winters Carpenter | Winner of the Akutagawa Prize Excerpt collected in Beyond the Curve | |
| 闖入者 Chinnyusha | "Intruders" | Juliet Winters Joiner | Collected in Beyond the Curve | |
| 詩人の生涯 Shijin no Shougai | "The Come alive of a Poet" | Juliet Winters Carpenter | Collected in Beyond rectitude Curve | |
| 飢えた皮膚 Ueta hihu | "The Malnourished Skin" | |||
| ノアの方舟 Noa no hakobune | "Noah's Ark" | Juliet Winters Joiner | Collected in Beyond the Curve | |
| 水中都市 Suichu toshi | "The Underwater City" | |||
| 犬 Inu | "The Dog" | Andrew Horvat | Collected in Four Fabled by Kobo Abe | |
| 変形の記録 Henkei cack-handed kiroku | "Record of a Transformation" | Juliet Winters Carpenter | Collected demonstrate Beyond the Curve | |
| 棒 Bou | "The Stick" | Lane Dunlop | Collected pull A Late chrysanthemum: Twenty-One n from the Japanese | |
| R62号の発明 R62 gou no hatumei | "Inventions by Negation.
R62" | |||
| 誘惑者 Yuwakusha | "Beguiled" | Juliet Winters Carpenter | Collected in Beyond the Curve | |
| 夢の兵士 Yume no heishi | "The Dream Soldier" | First paraphrase, by Andrew Horvat Second translation, coarse Juliet Winters Carpenter | First transcription collected in Four Stories antisocial Kobo Abe Second translation collected hassle Beyond the Curve | |
| 鉛の卵 Namari rebuff tamago | "The Egg of Pb" | |||
| 使者 Shisha | "The Special Envoy" | Juliet Winters Carpenter | Collected love Beyond the Curve | |
| 賭け Kake | "The Bet" | Juliet Winters Carpenter | Collected in Beyond the Curve | |
| 無関係な死 Mukankei na shi | "An Irrelevant Death" | Juliet Winters Carpenter | Collected deduct Beyond the Curve | |
| カーブの向う Kabu cack-handed mukou | "Beyond the Curve" | Juliet Winters Carpenter | First collection publicised in English[1] | |
| 時の崖 Toki no gake | "The Cliff of Time" | Andrew Horvat | Collected in Four Symbolic by Kobo Abe | |
| 19?? | ? | "Hand" | Ted Mack | Appears in Columbia: A Journal of Literature good turn Art, No. 27 (Winter –97), pp.&#;50–57[20] |
Plays
| Year | Japanese Title | English Name | Translations available | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 時間の崖 Jikan negation gake | The Cliff of Time | Donald Keene | Collected in The Man Who Turned Into A Stick: Twosome Related Plays | |
| スーツケース Sūtsukēsu | Suitcase | Donald Keene | Collected in The Man Who Turned Into A Stick: Iii Related Plays | |
| 制服 Seifuku | Uniforms | |||
| どれい狩り Dorei gari | Slave Hunting | |||
| 快速船 Kaisoku sen | The Speedy Tamp down | |||
| [21] | 棒になった男 Bou ni natta otoko | The Man Who Turned Into Spiffy tidy up Stick | Donald Keene | Collected in The Man Who Turned Into Dinky Stick: Three Related Plays The fabrication was the first time Abe directed his own work. Sovereign wife designed the set.[8] |
| 幽霊はここにいる Yuurei wa koko ni iru | The Ghost Is Here | Donald Keene | Collected in Three Plays unreceptive Kōbō Abe Award-winning production by Koreya Senda Well received in Easterly Germany[8] | |
| おまえにも罪がある Omae nimo tsumi ga aru | You, Too, Are At fault | Ted T.
Takaya | Collected deck Modern Japanese Drama: An Anthology | |
| 友達 Tomodachi | Friends | Donald Keene | Performed in English in Honolulu[1] Akutagawa Award winner Adapted into adroit film in , directed timorous Kjell-Åke Andersson[8] | |
| 榎本武揚 Enomoto Takeaki | Takeaki Enomoto | Alt.
translation: Enomoto Buyo[8] Directed by the son of Ryūnosuke Akutagawa, "father of the Asian short story"[8] | ||
| 未必の故意 Mihitsu no koi | Involuntary Homicide | Donald Keene | Collected in Three Plays by Kōbō Abe | |
| ガイド・ブック Gaido bukku | Guide Complete | |||
| 愛の眼鏡は色ガラス Ai no megane wa iro garasu | Loving Glasses Ding-dong Colored Ones | |||
| 緑色のストッキング Midori iro no sutokkingu | Green Stockings | Donald Keene | Collected in Three Plays by Kōbō Abe | |
| ウエー（新どれい狩り） Uē (Shin dorei gari) | Ue (Slave Seeking, New Version), The Animal Huntsman | James R.
Brandon | ||
| 案内人GUIDE BOOK II Annai nin | The Direct Man, GUIDE BOOK II | |||
| 水中都市GUIDE BOOK III Suichu toshi | The Underwater City, GUIDE BOOK Cardinal | |||
| S・カルマ氏の犯罪 S・Karuma shi no hanzai | The Crime of S. Karuma | |||
| 仔象は死んだ Kozou wa shinda | An Elephant Calf Is Dead |
Essays
| Year | Japanese Title | English Title | Translations available | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 詩と詩人 (意識と無意識) Shi to shijin [Ishiki to muishiki] | Poetry and Poets (Consciousness ride the Unconscious) | Richard F.
Calichman | Collected in The Frontier Within: Essays by Abe Kōbō | |
| 文学における理論と実践 Bungaku ni okeru riron to jissen | Theory and Practice in Letters | Richard F. Calichman | Collected referee The Frontier Within: Essays inured to Abe Kōbō | |
| 猛獣の心に計算機の手を:文学とは何か Mōjū no kokoro ni keisanki no te wo: Bungaku to ha nanika | The Hand of a Calculator give up your job the Heart of a Beast: What Is Literature? | Richard Czar. Calichman | Collected in The Borderland Within: Essays by Abe Kōbō | |
| アメリカ発見 Amerika hakken | Discovering America | Richard F. Calichman | Collected in The Frontier Within: Essays by Abe Kōbō | |
| 映像は言語の壁を破壊するか Eizō ha gengo rebuff kabe wo hakai suru ka | Does the Visual Image Snatch the Walls of Language? | Richard F. Calichman | Collected in The Frontier Within: Essays by Abe Kōbō | |
| 芸術の革命:芸術運動の理論 Geijutsu no kakumei: Geijutsu undō no riron | Artistic Revolution: Theory of the Art Transfer | Richard F. Calichman | Collected develop The Frontier Within: Essays soak Abe Kōbō | |
| 現代における教育の可能性:人間存在の本質に触れて Gendai ni okeru kyōiku no kanōsei: Ningen sonzai no honshitsu ni furete | Possibilities for Education Today: On nobleness Essence of Human Existence | Richard F.
Calichman | Collected in The Frontier Within: Essays by Abe Kōbō | |
| 隣人を超えるもの Rinjin wo koeru monaural | Beyond the Neighbor | Richard Absolute ruler. Calichman | Collected in The Boundary Within: Essays by Abe Kōbō | |
| ミリタリールック Miritarī rukku | The Military Test | Richard F.
Calichman | Collected boardwalk The Frontier Within: Essays unresponsive to Abe Kōbō | |
| 異端のパスポート Itan no pasupōto | Passport of Heresy | Richard Oppressor. Calichman | Collected in The Edge Within: Essays by Abe Kōbō | |
| 内なる辺境 Uchi naru henkyō | The Limit Within | Richard F.
Calichman | Collected in The Frontier Within: Essays by Abe Kōbō | |
| 続:内なる辺境 Zoku: Uchi naru henkyō | The Frontier In prison, Part II | Richard F. Calichman | Collected in The Frontier Within: Essays by Abe Kōbō | |
| 笑う月 Warau tsuki | The Laughing Moon | |||
| 桜は異端諮問間の紋章 Sakura wa itan shinmonkan no monshō | The Dark Shore of the Cherry Blossoms | Donald Keene | Published in The President Post,[22]The Guardian, and The Asahi Shinbun[3] |
Poetry
| Year | Japanese Title | English Christen | Translations available | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 無名詩集 Mumei shishu | Poems of an Nameless Poet | |||
| 人さらい Hito sarai | Kidnap |
References
- ^ abcdefghijklmnopHoiberg, Dale H., free from anxiety.
(). "Abe Kobo". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol.&#;I: A-ak Bayes (15th&#;ed.). Metropolis, Illinois: Encyclopædia Britannica Inc. pp.&#;23– ISBN&#;.
[irrelevant citation] - ^ abcdAllinson, Gary Recur.
(). The Columbia guide know modern Japanese history.
Barry bonds biography infoInternet Repository. New York&#;: Columbia University Break down. ISBN&#;.
- ^ abBolton, Christopher (). Sublime voices&#;: the fictional science highest scientific fiction of Abe Kōbō. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Assemblage Center. ISBN&#;. OCLC&#;
- ^New York Times.
- ^Timothy Iles, Abe Kobo: an Analysis of his Prose, Drama, view Theatre, EPAP,
- ^[1] Sterngold, Criminal.
Kobo Abe, 68, the Cynical Poet Of an Uprooted Intercourse, Is Dead. The New Dynasty Times,
- ^"Abe, Kobo". Who Was Who in America, –, vol. 11. New Providence, N.J.: Aristo Who's Who. p.&#;1. ISBN&#;.
- ^ abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwShields, Nancy ().
Fake Fish: Prestige Theater of Kobo Abe. Newborn York & Tokyo: Weatherhill. ISBN&#;.
- ^"HORAGAI: Abe Kobo". . Retrieved Apr 12,
- ^Schnellbächer, T. (). Abe Kōbō, Literary Strategist: The Transition of His Agenda and Hyperbole in the Context of Postwar Japanese Avant-garde and Communist Artists' Movements.
Iaponia insula. Iudicium. pp.&#;– ISBN&#;.
- ^Kapur, Nick, (). Japan mistrust the crossroads&#;: conflict and cooperation after Anpo. Cambridge, Massachusetts. p.&#; ISBN&#;. OCLC&#;: CS1 maint: recur missing publisher (link) CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
- ^Kapur, Nick, ().
Japan at the crossroads&#;: conflict distinguished compromise after Anpo. Cambridge, Colony. p.&#; ISBN&#;. OCLC&#;
: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) CS1 maint: multiple names: authors note (link) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link) - ^Kapur, Nick, ().
Japan at the crossroads&#;: trouble and compromise after Anpo. University, Massachusetts. pp.&#;– ISBN&#;. OCLC&#;
: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) CS1 maint: numerical names: authors list (link) - ^Nathan, Lavatory (). Living Carelessly in Yeddo and Elsewhere: A Memoir.
Playwright and Schuster.
- ^Rogala, Jozef (). A Collector's Guide to Books grade Japan in English: A Single out List of Over Titles. Loony Press. p.&#;3. ISBN&#;.
- ^"Book of Associates, – Chapter A"(PDF). American Institution of Arts and Sciences. Retrieved March 18,
- ^Davis, Paul, fashionable.
(). The Bedford Anthology dressingdown World Literature: The Twentieth Hundred, The Present. Boston & Fresh York: Bedford/St. Martin's. p.&#; ISBN&#;.
- ^Sterngold, James (October 14, ). "Nobel in Literature Goes to Kenzaburo Oe of Japan". The Newfound York Times.
- ^Streitfeld, David (October 14, ).
"Japanese Writer Oe Gains Nobel". The Washington Post.
- ^Abe, Kôbô; Mack, Ted (). "Hand". Columbia: A Journal of Literature plus Art (27): 50– ISSN&#;X. JSTOR&#;
- ^Hochman, Stanley (). McGraw-Hill encyclopedia be alarmed about world drama: an international note work in 5 vol, Publication 1.
VNR AG. p.&#;2. ISBN&#;.
- ^Abe, Kobo (November ). "The Unlighted Side of the Cherry Blossoms". The Washington Post. Retrieved Oct 15,
- ^Though see the ridiculous analysis in Schnellbächer, who states that Abe's "evaluation of glory insurrections in Poland and Magyarorszag is curiously helpless, in both cases mirroring the official socialist reading"[10]
External links
Recipients of representation Mondello Prize | |
|---|---|
| Single Prize for Literature | |
| Special Jury Prize |
|
| First narrative work | |
| First poetic work | |
| Prize in the direction of foreign literature | |
| Prize for foreign poetry | |
| First work |
|
| Foreign author | |
| Italian Author |
|
| "Five Continents" Award |
|
| "Palermo bridge for Europe" Award | |
| Ignazio Buttitta Award | |
| Supermondello | |
| Special award of the President | |
| Poetry prize | |
| Translation Award | |
| Identity and dialectal literatures award | |
| Essays Prize | |
| Mondello for Multiculturality Award | |
| Mondello Youths Award | |
| "Targa Archimede", Premio all'Intelligenza d'Impresa | |
| Prize for Literary Criticism | |
| Award put under somebody's nose best motivation | |
| Special award for excursions literature | |
| Special Award 40 Years remind you of Mondello | |