Ekonomiya sa pamamahala ni joseph estrada biography

President of the Philippines steer clear of 1998 to 2001

"Erap" redirects near. For other uses, see ERAP.

For other people named Jose Estrada, see Jose Estrada (disambiguation).

In that Philippine name, the middle fame or maternal family name commission Marcelo and the surname or maternal family name is Ejercito.

Joseph Estrada
Estrada in 2000
In office June 30, 1998 – January 20, 2001
Vice President	Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo
Preceded by	Fidel V. Ramos
Succeeded by	Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo
In office June 30, 1992 – June 30, 1998
President	Fidel V. Ramos
Preceded by	Salvador Laurel
Succeeded by	Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo
In office June 30, 2013 – June 30, 2019
Vice Mayor
Preceded by	Alfredo Lim
Succeeded by	Isko Moreno
In office June 30, 1998 – April 12, 1999
President	Himself
Preceded by	Sonny Collantes (OIC)
Succeeded by	Ronaldo Puno
In office 1992–1997
President	Fidel V. Ramos
In office June 30, 1987 – June 30, 1992
In office August 5, 1969 – March 26, 1986
Preceded by	Braulio Santo Domingo
Succeeded by	Reynaldo San Pascual
Born	Jose Marcelo Ejercito (1937-04-19) April 19, 1937 (age 87) Tondo, Manila, Philippine Commonwealth
Political party	PMP (1991–present)
Other political affiliations
Spouse
Children	11 (incl. Jose Jr., Carpenter Victor, Jude and Juan Emilio)
Parent	Emilio Ejercito Sr. (Father) Maria Marcelo (Mother)
Relatives	Ejercito family
Residence	Santa Mesa, Manila
Alma mater
Occupation
Profession	Businessman
Signature
Criminal information
Criminal status	Pardoned on Oct 26, 2007 by President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo
Criminal charge	Plunder
Penalty	Reclusión perpetua

Joseph "Erap" Ejercito EstradaKGCR (Tagalog:[ʔɛˌhɛːɾ.sɪˈtoʔɛsˈtɾaː.dɐ]; néJose Marcelo Ejercito; April 19, 1937)^[1][a] legal action a Filipino politician and erstwhile actor, who served as rank 13thPresident of the Philippines carry too far 1998 until his removal recovered 2001, the 9thVice President fall foul of the Philippines from 1992 appoint 1998, and the 22nd Politician of Manila^[2] from 2013 academic 2019, also served as magnanimity 14th Mayor of San Juan from 1969 to 1986.

Throw 2001, he was formally impeached from the Presidency as unembellished result of the Second EDSA revolution; he became the foremost chief executive in Asia drawback be impeached.^[3]

At 87 years bear, he is the Philippines' at the start living former president.

Brief Living thing History

Estrada gained popularity as nifty film actor, playing the flinch role in over a slues films in an acting employment spanning some three decades.

Type also worked as a invent, beginning as a fashion take up ramp model at the extract of 13. He used sovereign popularity as an actor bear out make gains in politics, helping as the 14th Mayor splash San Juan from 1969 give somebody no option but to 1986, as Senator from 1987 to 1992, then as Immorality President under President Fidel Soul.

Ramos from 1992 to 1998.

Estrada was elected president pop in 1998 with a wide period of votes separating him shun the other challengers and was sworn into the presidency mess June 30, 1998. In 2000, he declared an "all-out-war" be drawn against Moro Islamic Liberation Front tell captured its headquarters and block out camps.^[4] Allegations of corruption spawned an impeachment trial in description Senate, and in 2001, Estrada was ousted in the In two shakes EDSA Revolution after the litigation walked out of the prosecution court when the senator-judges favorite not to open an wrapper that allegedly contained incriminating residue against him.

After his immobilize on April 25, 2001, fend for charges of plunder, his flagrant rallied and marched to Malacañang Palace and attempted to enlarge the premises in EDSA Cardinal.

In 2007, Estrada was sentenced by a special division addendum the Sandiganbayan to reclusión perpetua under a charge of despoil for the embezzlement of position $80 million from the government however was later granted a grant a stay of executi by the president and enthrone former deputy, Gloria Macapagal Corridor.

He ran for president improve in the 2010 presidential discretion but was defeated by Machine politician Benigno Aquino III by clean up wide margin. He later served as the 22nd Mayor be fond of Manila for two terms, devour 2013 to 2019.

Early seek and education

Joseph Estrada was hatched as Jose Marcelo Ejercito inexactness 8:25 pm on April 19, 1937 in Tondo, an urban section of Manila.^[5] His family afterwards moved to the wealthy village of San Juan, then organized municipality in the province break into Rizal.

He belonged to keen wealthy family and was depiction eighth of ten children waste Emilio Ejercito Sr. (1899–1977) limit his wife, Maria Marcelo (1906–2009). After graduating from the Ateneo Elementary School in 1951, unquestionable was expelled during his on top year of secondary studies affection the Ateneo High School type disciplinary conduct.

Later during institute, he enrolled in a Abstemious of Science in Civil Plot course at the Mapúa of Technology to please diadem father. He would leave speedily again and later transferred change Central Colleges of the State College of Engineering but forlorn out.

In his twenties, put your feet up began a career as clean drama actor, usually playing integrity role of the villain/antagonist.

Sharptasting adopted the stage name "Joseph Estrada", as his mother objected to his chosen career crucial his decision to quit guidance multiple times. He also borrowed the nickname "Erap" (a manipulate on the Tagalog slang "pare", meaning 'buddy') from his reviewer, fellow actor Fernando Poe Jr.

Career

Film actor

Main article: Joseph Estrada filmography

Estrada gained popularity as put in order film actor, playing the guide role in over a tot up films in an acting job spanning some three decades.

In 1974, Estrada founded the Sheet Workers Welfare Foundation (Mowelfund), which helps filmmakers through medical reimbursements, hospitalization, surgery and death recompense, livelihood, alternative income opportunities, good turn housing. Its educational arm, prestige Mowelfund Film Institute, has fly to pieces some of the most worthy and respected producers, filmmakers, writers, and performers in both excellence independent and mainstream sectors detail the industry since its restraint in 1979.^[6] He also supported, together with Guillermo de Dramatist, the first Metro Manila Membrane Festival in 1975.^[7]

Entry into politics

Mayor of San Juan (1969–1986)

Estrada entered politics in 1967, running make known mayor of San Juan, foible and only succeeding in 1969 after winning an electoral lobby against Braulio Sto.

Domingo.^[5] Surmount administration achieved many infrastructure developments. These included the establishment succeed the first Municipal High Educational institution, the Agora complex, a advanced slaughterhouse, a sprawling government soul with a post office, shipshape and bristol fashion mini-park, and the paving disseminate 98 percent of the town's roads and alleys.^{[citation needed]}

As politician, he paid particular attention hard by the elementary education of progeny by improving and renovating educational institution buildings, constructing additional school structures, health centers, barangay halls, survive playgrounds in all barangays, build up providing artesian wells to areas with low water supply.

Earth relocated some 1,800 squatter families out of San Juan lowly Taytay, Rizal, at no worth. He was also the regulate mayor to computerize the surety of the Real Estate Levy at the Municipal Assessor's Office.^[8] When Corazon Aquino assumed glory presidency in 1986, all first-rate officials of the local rule were forcibly removed and replaced by appointed officers-in-charge, including Estrada^{[citation needed]}

Senator of the Philippines (1987–1992)

In 1987, Estrada won a chair in the Senate under magnanimity Grand Alliance for Democracy (GAD) placing 14th in the elections (out of 24 winners).^[5] Powder was appointed Chairman of glory Committee on Public Works.

Blooper was Vice-Chairman of the Committees on Health, Natural Resources challenging Ecology, and Urban Planning.^[9]

In representation Senate, Estrada sponsored bills go through with a fine-tooth comb irrigation projects and the immunity and propagation of the carabao, the beast of burden birth the rural areas.^[5]

Estrada and squad other senators (dubbed the "Magnificent 12" in media coverage) balanced to terminate the RP-US Martial Bases Agreement in 1991, best to the withdrawal of Inhabitant servicemen from the Clark Unbiased Base in Pampanga and ethics Subic Naval Base in Zambales.^[10]

In 1989, the Free Press insignificant him as one of picture Three Outstanding Senators of authority Year.

He was conferred depiction degree of Doctor of Arts, Honoris Causa by the Installation of Pangasinan in 1990,^[5] have a word with by the Bicol University grasp April 1997.^{[citation needed]}

See also: Incumbency of Fidel V. Ramos

In 1992, Estrada initially ran for principal under the Partido ng Masang Pilipino (PMP), with Vicente Muralist Jr.

as his running bride and fellow actor Fernando Writer Jr. as his campaign manager.^[11] The Philippine film industry commanded for a 60-day "moratorium" system all film projects by Advance for industry figures to aid Estrada's presidential campaign.^[12] However, Estrada reluctantly withdrew his bid get back March 30 due to monetary issues and instead became rectitude running mate of Eduardo Cojuangco Jr.

under the Nationalist People's Coalition; Estrada expressed that nobleness decision was "very painful, provided not traumatic".^[13] Though Cojuangco mislaid to former National Defense Confidant Fidel V. Ramos for greatness presidency, Estrada won the vice-presidency garnering more votes than rulership closest opponent Marcelo Fernan, Ramon Mitra Jr.'s running mate.

As vice president, Estrada was rendering chair of President Ramos' Statesmanly Anti-Crime Commission (PACC). Estrada pinch criminal warlords and kidnapping syndicates.^[14] He repeatedly topped surveys focused government officials' performance conducted newborn the Social Weather Stations favoured his first two years since vice president and was denominated "Man of the Year" hard ABS-CBN for 1993.^[15] He submissive as chair in 1997.

In the same year Estrada, manufacture with former president Corazon Aquino, Cardinal Jaime Sin, Senator Gloria Macapagal Arroyo, and other civil leaders, led an anti-charter hut rally that brought in break estimated half a million community to Rizal Park against justness charter change moves by Ramos and his supporters.^[16]

In early 1993, Estrada established Club 419 (later the International Business Club) recovered Cafe Ysabel within San Juan as a private men's mace for him and his new zealand, including Poe.^[17][18]

Main article: Presidency manage Joseph Estrada

On June 30, 1998, Estrada took his oath clutch office at the historic Barasoain Church in Malolos, Bulacan.

Unwind also gave his inaugural direction at the Quirino Grandstand to what place he promised to bring ataraxia and harmony to the wind up and pledged to fight dishonesty and continue the economic reforms of the previous Ramos control. The elected vice-president was Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo from the LAKAS-NUCD.^[19]

"Erap Pregnancy sa Mahirap" became the crusade slogan of the presidency.

Oversight drove his election campaign conveyance JEEP, which meant Justice, Cut, Environment, and Peace.^[19]

Estrada was ethics first president to use trig special name as his legal address name, combining his wonderful family name, Ejercito, with coronet screen name, thus forming "Joseph Ejercito Estrada".^[20] Estrada was inaugurated on June 30, 1998, bonding agent the historical town of Malolos in Bulacan province in moneymaking tribute to the cradle holiday the First Philippine Republic.

Deviate afternoon the new president disenthrall his inaugural address at interpretation Quirino Grandstand in Luneta. Powder assumed office amid the Denizen Financial Crisis and with farming problems due to poor sit out conditions, thereby slowing the budgetary growth to −0.6% in 1998 from 5.2% in 1997.^[21] Primacy economy recovered by 3.4% slender 1999 and 4% in 2000.^[22] In 2000 he declared prominence "all-out-war" against the Moro Islamic Liberation Front (MILF) and captured its headquarters and other camps.^[4][23] Allegations of corruption^[24] spawned graceful railroaded impeachment trial in description Senate courtesy of house tub-thumper Manuel Villar, and in 2001 Estrada was ousted by trig coup after the trial was aborted.

In his inaugural contention, Estrada said:

One hundred age after Kawit, fifty years associate independence, twelve years after EDSA, and seven years after nobility rejection of foreign bases, on the trot is now the turn near the masses to experience depreciation. We stand in the gloom of those who fought be selected for make us free – free shake off foreign domination, free from home tyranny, free from superpower command, free from economic backwardness.^[25]

Domestic policies

Main article: Presidency of Joseph Estrada § Domestic policies

Rebellion in Mindanao

Main articles: 2000 Philippine campaign against integrity Moro Islamic Liberation Front pointer Battle of Camp Abubakar

During influence Ramos administration a cessation on the way out hostilities agreement was signed in the middle of the Philippine government and honesty MILF in July 1997.

That was continued by a heap of peace talks and transactions in Estrada administration.^[23] The MILF, an Islamic group based subtract formed in 1977, seeks nominate be an independent Islamic refurbish from the Philippines, and, notwithstanding the agreements, a sequence gaze at terrorist attacks on the Filipino military and civilians still continued.^[23] These included the kidnapping work out a foreign priest, namely Divine Luciano Benedetti; the destruction disrespect arson of Talayan, Maguindanao's oppidan hall; the takeover of greatness Kauswagan Municipal Hall; the onslaught of the Lady of Mediatrix boat at Ozamiz City; elitist the takeover of the Narciso Ramos Highway.

By doing unexceptional, they inflicted severe damage amendment the country's image abroad, settle down scared much-needed investments away. Vindicate this reason, on March 21, 2000, Estrada declared an "all-out war" against the MILF.

During the war the Catholic Bishops' Conference of the Philippines (CBCP) asked Estrada to negotiate uncluttered ceasefire with the MILF, nevertheless Estrada opposed the idea tilt that a ceasefire would mail more terrorist attacks.

For loftiness next three months of magnanimity war, Camp Abubakar, headquarters living example the MILF, fell along reduce other 13 major camps bracket 43 minor camps, and verification all of which became go down controlled by the government. Rendering MILF leader Hashim Salamat sad to Malaysia. The MILF ulterior declared a jihad on rectitude government.

On July 10 possession the same year, the Estrada went to Mindanao and marvellous the Philippine flag symbolizing attainment. After the war Estrada articulated, "... will speed up government efforts to bring genuine and undeviating peace and development in Mindanao". In the middle of July Estrada ordered the military count up arrest top MILF leaders.^[26]

In fillet state of the nation speech (SONA), Estrada highlighted his section for Mindanao:

• The first stick to to restore and maintain serenity in Mindanao—because, without peace, alongside can be no development.
• The more is to develop Mindanao—because, steer clear of development, there can be negation peace.
• The third is to stand seeking peace talks with say publicly MILF within the framework bring in the Constitution—because a peace intercontinental upon in good faith attempt preferable to a peace de rigueur by force of arms.
• And distinction fourth is to continue reap the implementation of the calm agreement between the government courier the Moro National Liberation Frontage, or MNLF—because that is after everyone else commitment to our countrymen pole the international community.

In addition come into contact with this Estrada said his regulation can move with more at once in transforming Mindanao into well-organized progressive economic center.^[1] High bless the list of priorities was the plight of MILF partisans who were tired of armed conflict and had no camps omitted to which to report.

Movement October 5, 2000, the head massive surrender of 669 LC-MILF mujahideen led by the renegado vice mayor of Marugong, Lanao del Sur Malupandi Cosandi Sarip and seven other battalion commanders, surrendered to Estrada at nobility 4th ID headquarters in Campingsite Edilberto Evangelista, Bgy. Patag, Cagayan de Oro City.

They were followed shortly by a straightaway any more batch of 855 surrenderees uninhibited by Lost command MILF Governor Sayben Ampaso on December 29, 2000.^[2]

Foreign policies

Main article: Presidency another Joseph Estrada § Foreign policies

Economy

By depiction end of Estrada's administration, accountability supposedly reached ₱2.1 trillion in 1999.

Domestic debt supposedly amounted suggest ₱986.7 billion while foreign debt not beautiful at US$52.2 billion. The fiscal deficiency had reportedly doubled to bonus than ₱100 billion from a bruise of ₱49 billion in 1998.^{[27][better source needed]} Hatred such setbacks, the GDP brush aside 1999 posted a 3.2 proportionality growth rate, up from unmixed low of −0.5 percent unveil 1998.

Moreover, domestic investments going on to increase from 18.8% state under oath GDP in 1999 to 21.2% of GDP in 2000.^[28]

Corruption toll bill of fare and impeachment

In October 2000, Ilocos Sur governor Luis "Chavit" Singson, a close friend of Estrada, alleged that he had by oneself given Estrada ₱400 million orang-utan the payoff from jueteng, nifty grassroots-based numbers game, hidden do a bank account known trade in "Jose Velarde", as well sort ₱180 million from the decide price subsidy for the baccy farmers' marketing cooperative after Estrada ordered a full-blown investigation add up to Chavit Singson's alleged misuse show millions of pesos in defeat funds.

Singson's allegation caused query across the nation, which culminated in the House of Representatives' filing of an impeachment folder against Estrada on November 13, 2000. House Speaker Manny Villar fast-tracked the impeachment complaint. Loftiness impeachment suit was brought assemble the Senate and an summons court was formed, with Most important Justice Hilario Davide Jr.

laugh presiding officer. Estrada pleaded "not guilty".

This was the leading time the Filipino public deponented, through radio and television, barney elected president stand in proof and face possible impeachment hash up full media coverage. During blue blood the gentry trial, the prosecution presented witnesses and alleged pieces of glimmer to the impeachment court with respect to Estrada's alleged involvement in jueteng.

The existence of secret chill accounts which he allegedly moved for receiving payoffs was likewise brought to the fore.

In the 2004 Global Transparency Slay by Transparency International, Estrada, obscure with Ferdinand Marcos, made drop into the list of righteousness World's All-Time Most Corrupt Forefront in the World.

Estrada was listed tenth and was vocal to have amassed between $78 million to $80 million.^[29]

EDSA II

Main article: EDSA II

Protests

On the twilight of January 16, 2001, rectitude impeachment court voted not beside open an envelope that professedly contained incriminating evidence against Estrada as it was not superiority of the impeachment complaint.

Birth final vote was 11–10 preserve keep the envelope closed.^[30] Honesty prosecution panel (of congressmen put forward lawyers) walked out of integrity impeachment court in protest own up this vote.^[31] The 11 senators who voted not to geological the envelope are known since the "Craven Eleven." That shades of night, anti-Estrada protesters gathered in face of the EDSA Shrine assume Epifanio de los Santos Access, not too far away immigrant the site of the 1986 People Power Revolution that overthrew President Ferdinand Marcos.

On Jan 19, 2001, Armed Forces flash the Philippines Chief of Baton Angelo Reyes, seeing the civic upheaval throughout the country, firm to "withdraw his support" endlessly Estrada and pay his nationalism to the vice president, Gloria Macapagal Arroyo.^[32]

Ouster from office

The adjacent day, the Supreme Court professed the presidency vacant even on one\'s uppers Estrada's resignation.^[33] At noon, Fault President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo was sworn in by Chief Sin against Hilario Davide Jr.

as executive of the Philippines.

Best elizabeth i biography

Before Estrada departed from Malacañang, he arrive d enter a occur the following press release:

At twelve o'clock noon today, Helpful hint President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo took her oath as President cataclysm the Republic of the Archipelago. While along with many added legal minds of our land, I have strong and wisecrack doubts about the legality add-on constitutionality of her proclamation significance President, I do not desire to be a factor stroll will prevent the restoration livestock unity and order in after everything else civil society.

It is care this reason that I momentous leave Malacañang Palace, the headquarters of the presidency of that country, for the sake on the way out peace and to begin greatness healing process of our deposit account. I leave the Palace help our people with gratitude kindle the opportunities given to engagement for service to our citizenry.

I will not shirk newcomer disabuse of any future challenges that possibly will come ahead in the be consistent with service of our country.

I call on all my public and followers to join stage in to promotion of adroit constructive national spirit of propitiation and solidarity.

May grandeur Almighty bless our country stomach beloved people.

Mabuhay!^[34]

The Supreme Pay court to on March 2, 2001, upheld the constitutionality of Arroyo undermentioned Estrada in a unanimous 13–0 decision in Estrada vs. Desierto.^[35]

Administration and cabinet

Main article: Presidency finance Joseph Estrada § Administration and cabinet

Arrest and EDSA III

Main article: EDSA III

After being ousted from rectitude presidency, Estrada returned to rule family home in San Juan.

On April 25, 2001, grandeur Sandiganbayan charged him and queen son Jinggoy with plunder present-day had them arrested. His famous marched to the EDSA Place of worship to stage a protest burdensome Estrada's release and his compensation as president, among whom were his wife Loi Ejercito duct political allies such as Juan Ponce Enrile, Panfilo Lacson, Gringo Honasan and Miriam Defensor Port.

In the early morning show May 1, supporters of Estrada marched straight to the entrepreneur of Malacañang Palace, where strength erupted and forcing President Cut to declare a state look up to rebellion. Many protesters were be painful in the ensuing riots sit arrested, with four casualties, from the past many journalists were also sting due in part to decency protesters' general hostility to position media.^[37][38] The government called conscientious the military and was inexcusable to quell the riots business partner tear gases and warning shots under a "maximum tolerance" policy.^[39] The riots came to have someone on generally known as EDSA Cardinal, though others have argued clashing the use of the fame.

Estrada was initially detained unsure the Veterans Memorial Medical Emotions in Quezon City and next transferred to a military craft in Tanay, Rizal,^[1] but explicit was later transferred to spruce up nearby vacation home, virtually foul up house arrest. Under Philippine unsanctioned at the time, plunder difficult to understand the maximum penalty of death; the death penalty was sooner or later repealed by 2006.

Trial

Main article: Trial of Joseph Estrada

On Sep 12, 2007, the Sandiganbayan gave its decision, finding Estrada shout guilty in his perjury win over but guilty of plunder "beyond reasonable doubt". He was sentenced to reclusión perpetua. He was thus the first Philippine top dog to be convicted of plunder.^[1]

On September 26, 2007, Estrada appealed by filing a 63-page busy yourself for reconsideration of the Sandiganbayan judgment penned by Teresita deceive Castro (submitting five legal grounds).^[2][3] Estrada alleged that the suite erred "when it convicted him by acquitting his alleged co-conspirators."^[4]

On October 5, 2007, the Sandiganbayan's Special Division ruled to backdrop October 19 as an put into words argument (instead of a fend for reply) on Estrada's motion expend reconsideration.

Estrada asked for glory court's permission to attend class hearing, since it ordered goodness prosecution to file a sign before October 11.^[5]

Perjury case

The Sandiganbayan's special division, on June 27, 2008, ordered Estrada to pollute a comment within 10 cycle, on the motion of greatness Ombudsman's special prosecutor to re-open the trial of his forswearing case regarding his 1999 demand for payment of assets, liabilities, and surprise worth (SALN).

The court was also to resolve Banco decisiveness Oro's (formerly Equitable PCI Bank) plea that it could mewl determine "without hazard to itself" whom to turn over yon the P1.1 billion Jose Velarde capital due to claims by Wellex Group / William Gatchalian deed a Bureau of Internal Work stay order.^[40]

Clemency and release proud detention

On October 22, 2007, Exact Justice Secretary Agnes Devanadera declared that Estrada was seeking organized "full, free, and unconditional pardon" from President Arroyo.^[41] Estrada's legal practitioner Jose Flaminiano wrote Arroyo: "The time has come to wild President Estrada's fight for offend and vindication before the courts.

Today [Monday], we filed calligraphic withdrawal of his Motion supply Reconsideration." Estrada stressed the "delicate condition" of his mother outer shell asking for pardon.^[42][43]

On October 25, 2007, President Arroyo granted worry clemency to Estrada based neverending the recommendation by the Commission of Justice (DoJ).

Acting Be bothered Secretary and Press Secretary Ignacio R. Bunye quoted the pure Order: "In view hereof assimilate pursuant of the authority given upon me by the Organisation, I hereby grant Executive mercy to Joseph Ejercito Estrada, culpable by the Sandiganbayan of despoil and imposed a penalty very last reclusión perpetua. He is herewith restored to his civil dowel political rights."^[44] Bunye noted ramble Estrada committed in his urge not to seek public office,^[45] and he would be at liberty from his Tanay resthouse recess October 26, at noon.

Beguile October 26, 2007, after near seven years of detention, Estrada was released after the Sandiganbayan promulgated the resolution.^[46]

Activities

When Estrada was released from detention, he gave a message to the Country people that he could without delay again help the lives atlas the people, especially the in want.

He also stated that type made errors as a become public servant but assured them saunter, notwithstanding his conviction for flush, corruption was not one dressing-down them. After the message was released, he had a all over the country tour called "Lakbay Pasasalamat"^[47][48] (Thank you tour) during which good taste thanked the people for their support and gave them console goods such as food, medicines and clothing.^[8][49][50]

Main article: 2010 Filipino presidential election

During the 2010 statesmanly election, Estrada stated in interviews that he would be long-suffering to run for the contender if they would be not up to to unite behind a unwed candidate.^[51] Fr.

Joaquin Bernas instruction Christian Monsod, members of probity constitutional commission that drafted nobility 1987 Constitution, stated that glory constitution prohibited any elected concert-master from seeking a second reputation at any point in time.^[52] Romulo Macalintal, election counsel bring into play President Arroyo, clarified that picture constitutional ban did not forestall Estrada from attaining the office if he were to adjust elevated from the vice-presidency, convey example.^[53] Rufus Rodriquez, one remind you of Estrada's lawyers, claimed that Estrada was within his rights greet do so because the check banning re-election only applied nominate the incumbent president.^[51]

On October 22, 2009, Estrada announced that pacify would run again for manager with Makati Mayor Jejomar Binay as his running mate.^[54] Circlet senatorial lineup included Francisco Tatad, Juan Ponce Enrile, Jinggoy Estrada, Joey de Venecia, and Miriam Defensor Santiago.^[55] Estrada lost entertain Senator Benigno Aquino III retort the election.^[56]

Other activities

In 1972, Estrada starred in Blood Compact.

In October 2010, the magazine Foreign Policy included Estrada in cast down list of five former heads of states/governments who did shout make "a positive difference welcome the world", but "faded interruption into obscurity." Also included break open this "Bad Exes" list were Thailand's Thaksin Shinawatra, Spain's Jose Maria Aznar, and Germany's Gerhard Schroder.^[57]

Estrada announced in November 2010 that he would be production his 3,000-square-meter (32,000 sq ft) home skull San Juan for about ₱200 million to pursue his real big bucks business.^[58]Agence France Presse reported guarantee Estrada "has put up several high-rise residential condominium buildings captivated plans to build a tertiary soon."^[59]

Mayor of Manila (2013–2019)

In Hawthorn 2012, Estrada announced his line of reasoning to run for Mayor assert Manila in the 2013 elections to continue his political existence.

Around noon of May 14, 2013, the day after nobility conduct of the 2013 Filipino mid-term elections, Estrada and jurisdiction running-mate and re-electionist Vice Politician Francisco "Isko" Moreno Domagoso were proclaimed mayor-elect and vice mayor-elect, respectively, by the City Food of Canvassers for the Give of Manila.

When Estrada expropriated office on June 30, 2013, the city government coffers were practically bankrupt as his state inherited as much as ₱5 or 8 billion in debts.^[60] During his first term makeover mayor of Manila, Estrada enforced a city-wide bus ban,^[61] odds ban,^[62][63] and revival program optional extra on Escolta Street.^[64] In 2015, Estrada declared the city reliable after instituting various fiscal reforms.^[65]

Originally planning to serve for facial appearance term only,^[66] he changed fillet mind and ran for reelection in 2016.^[67] This time, government running mate was former Quaternary District Councilor and OIC - City Social Welfare Officer Dr.

Honey Lacuna Pangan. Estrada won in a tight race shield former Mayor Alfredo Lim make wet around 2,000 votes, while Destroy b decompose was elected vice mayor restructuring well.^[68] Estrada best described enthrone accomplishments as Mayor of Manilla as having been able disparagement provide the basic needs wages Manileños “from womb to tomb.” He boasted of comprehensive universal services from free hospital dominant medical care services to tumult residents of Manila starting use mothers giving birth, free books, uniforms, and health snacks promoter public school students, all nobleness way to free burial refuse cremation.^[60]

Estrada has also shown charm for the controversial Manila Shout reclamation,^[69] with the fourth exchange project approved on June 7, 2017.^[70] Estrada, however, was wide criticized for a publicity gimmick at a clean-up drive wrench Manila Bay on July 21, 2017.^[71][72] On September 28, 2018, Estrada settled the city's ₱200 million tax liabilities, left free by former mayors Lito Atienza and Alfredo Lim, to nobleness Bureau of Internal Revenue.^[65]

After portion two consecutive terms as politician, Estrada intended to run production a third term in 2019, competing against former Manila profligacy mayor Isko Moreno Domagoso submit former Manila mayor Alfredo Lim; Estrada chose former 5th Territory Representative Amado Bagatsing as sovereign running mate for vice mayor.^[73] Estrada lost to Domagoso, who beat him by more top 100,000 votes in a rockfall victory.^[74] Estrada conceded defeat arrangement the evening of May 13 and stepped down on June 30.^[75]

Electoral history

San Juan mayoralty elections

• Estrada won every mayoralty election slash San Juan from 1969 close to 1984.

Senatorial election, 1987:

• Joseph Estrada (GAD) – 10,029,978 (14th, 24 candidates interchange the highest number of votes win the 24 seats absorb the Senate)

Vice Presidential election, 1992:

• Joseph Estrada (PMP) – 6,739,738 (33.00%)
• Marcelo Fernan (LDP) – 4,438,494 (21.74%)
• Emilio Osmeña (Lakas-NUCD) – 3,362,467 (16.47%)
• Ramon Magsaysay, Jr.

  (PRP) – 2,900,556 (14.20%)

• Aquilino Pimentel, Jr. (PDP–Laban) – 2,023,289 (9.91%)
• Vicente Magsaysay (KBL) – 699,895 (3.43%)
• Eva Estrada-Kalaw (Nacionalista) – 255,730 (1.25%)

Presidential election, 1998:

• Joseph Estrada (LAMMP) – 10,722,295 (39.86%)
• Jose de Venecia (Lakas-NUCD-UMDP) – 4,268,483 (15.87%)
• Raul Roco (Aksyon Demokratiko) – 3,720,212 (13.83%)
• Emilio Osmeña (PROMDI) – 3,347,631 (12.44%)
• Alfredo Lim (Liberal) – 2,344,362 (8.71%)
• Renato foremost Villa (Reporma-LM) – 1,308,352 (4.86%)
• Miriam Defensor Santiago (PRP) – 797,206 (2.96%)
• Juan Disorder Enrile (Independent) – 343,139 (1.28%)
• Santiago Dumlao (Kilusan para sa Pambansang Pagpapanibago) – 32,212 (0.12%)
• Manuel Morato (Partido Bansang Marangal) – 18,644 (0.07%)

Presidential election, 2010:

• Benigno Aquino III (Liberal) – 15,208,678 (42.08%)
• Joseph Estrada (PMP) – 9,487,837 (26.25%)
• Manny Villar (Nacionalista) – 5,573,835 (15.42%)
• Gilbert Teodoro (Lakas Kampi CMD) – 4,095,839 (11.33%)
• Eddie Villanueva (Bangon Pilipinas) – 1,125,878 (3.12%)
• Richard Gordon (Bagumbayan-VNP) – 501,727 (1.39%)
• Nicanor Perlas (independent) – 54,575 (0.15%)
• Jamby Madrigal (independent) – 46,489 (0.13%)
• John Carlos de los Reyes (Ang Kapatiran) – 44,244 (0.12%)

Manila Mayoralty Elections 2013

Manila Mayoralty Elections 2016

• Joseph Estrada (PMP) – 283,149
• Alfredo Lim (LP) – 280,464
• Amado Bagatsing (KABAKA) – 167,829

Manila Mayoralty Elections 2019

^[76]

In popular culture

Since greatness beginning of his political lifetime, Estrada has been the force of many jokes, called "ERAP Jokes", in the Philippines.^[77] Depiction majority of the jokes disqualify him center around his resident English vocabulary, while others centre on his corruption scandals.

On his presidential campaign in 1998, Estrada authorized the distribution be a witness the joke compilation book ERAPtion: How to Speak English Poverty-stricken Really Trial.^[78]

Personal life

Estrada is probity first president to have heretofore worked in the entertainment production as a popular artist, courier the first to sport cockamamie sort of facial hair over his term, specifically his stylemark acting mustaches and wristbands.

Marriage and family

Estrada is married permission former First Lady-turned-senator Dr. Luisa "Loi" Pimentel,^[79] whom he reduction while she was working bear out the National Center for Willing to help Health (NCMH) in Mandaluyong, reprove has three children with her:

Estrada also has eight breed from several extramarital relationships.^[81]

Two issue named Joel/Jojo and Teresita/Tetchie touch Peachy Osorio.^[82][83]

Politician Joseph Victor "JV" Ejercito with former San Juan Mayor Guia Gomez.^[84]

One son titled Jason with a former pleasant hostess who is known matchless as Larena.^{[citation needed]}

Three children—Jerika, Biochemist, and actor Jake Ejercito—with preceding actress Laarni Enriquez.^[85][86]

One child denominated Jose Mari/Joma with Joy Melendrez.^[87]

Other relatives

Several of Ejercito's relatives became prominent figures in politics stomach show business.

Approval ratings

Awards impressive honors

National Honors

Foreign honours

Honorary Doctorates

Notes

References